Physicochemical and electrochemical hydriding–dehydriding characteristics of amorphous MgNi x (x=1.0, 1.5, 2.0) alloys prepared by mechanical alloying

 Physicochemical and electrochemical hydriding-dehydriding characteristics of amorphous MgNi _x (x=1.0, 1.5, 2.0) alloys prepared by mechanical alloying have been investigated. It was found that the increase of Ni content in the alloys resulted in greatly enhanced kinetics for both absorption and desorption of hydrogen, while the saturation capacity showed the reverse tendency. Charge–discharge tests showed that the increase in Ni content lead to a significant enhancement in cycle performance of MgNi _x alloy electrodes. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic and X-ray excited Auger electron spectroscopic investigations indicated the existence of a significantly thicker Ni-enriched layer for the MgNi_1.5 and MgNi_2.0 alloys than for the MgNi alloy. These results reveal that excess of Ni in MgNi _x alloys may improve the cycle performance of alloy electrodes by suppressing the segregation of Mg during electrochemical cycling, and the Ni in the topmost surface layer is mainly responsible for the improvement in the kinetics of hydrogen absorption. Received: 28 August 1999 / Accepted: 23 November 1999     

线接触弹性接触变形的解析算法

以一般光滑性体接触理论为基础,结合有限长弹性体接触的特点,求出线接触弹性接蟹变形的解析公式,并发现其解析解与数值解具有很好的一致性,所得公式可以对赫兹线接触理论加以补充,与经验公式相比,它能够确切反映材料、载荷以及曲率半径等对接触变形的影响,为工程中的精确计算提供了方便。     

Discrimination of Smoke Particles Using Infrared Photoelectrical Detection

A method of discrimination of smoke particles using infrared photoelectrical detection is proposed in this paper. Principle of the method is that smoke particles of different materials have different scattering light intensities at same scattering angle according to Mie Theory. Facility used to realize the method includes an infrared laser as light source and an array of avalanche photodiodes distributed at assigned angles as sensing devices. Scattered light signal at these angles are collected and processed. Categories of smoke particle are discriminated by signal processing results. Experiments show that by using this method cigarette smoke, kerosene smoke and water vapor can be discriminated with rate of discrimination of greater than 95%. Application of this technology in the field of fire detection will eliminate some effects of human activities such as cigarette smoking and steam on smoke detection, and improve sensitivity as well as reliability of smoke detection.     

用特征编码模板实现多模式分类识别的方法

以编码理论和神经网络优化算法为基础,提出了一种构造编码模板用于识别某一类模式集的方法,并以26个大写英文字母的识别作为实验进行了研究。     

一种由自由电子能带模型计算费米能级的方法

对面心立方（fcc)、体心立方（bcc)和六角密堆积（hcp)三种不同结构的晶体,在假设它们的原胞中包含8个价电子并将价电子近似为自由电子的情况下,采用“自由电子气理论”和“自由电子能带模型”,研究其根据费米球确定的费米能级EF与根据自由电子能带模型计算的平均键能Em。研究结果表明,由自由电子能带模型计算所得3种不同结构晶体（因而电子密度也不一样）的平均键能Em等于各自自由电子系统的费米能级EF。平均键能Em是我们在异质结带阶理论计算中建议的一种参考能级,研究结果在深化对平均键能Em物理实质认识的同时,提供了一种借助于自由电子能带模型计算自由电子系统费米能级EF的新方法。     

MOCVD生长的InGaN薄膜中InN分凝的研究

利用X射线衍射(XRD)技术测量了MOCVD生长的InGaN薄膜中的InN分凝量.利用Vegard定理和XRD 2θ扫描测得实验的InGaN薄膜的In组分为0.1～0.34.通过测量XRD摇摆曲线的InN(0002)和InGaN(0002)的积分强度之比测得InN在InGaN中的含量为0.0684%～2.6396%.根据XRD理论,计算出InN和InGaN的理论衍射强度.InN含量在所有样品中均小于3%,这表明样品的相分离度比较低.还发现InN在InGaN薄膜中的含量与氮气载气流量和反应室气压明显相关.     

Cr~(4+)在MgCaBa-铝酸盐玻璃中的发射及光学增益

研究了四价铬离子掺杂的MgCaBa 铝酸盐玻璃在近红外区的发射光谱 ,既有源于1E—3 A2 跃迁 ,位于1 1 8μm处的窄带 ,又有源于3 T2 —3 A2 范围在 1 1～ 1 4 μm内的宽带 ,利用ASE(AmplifiedSpontaneousEmis sion)方法研究了其增益特性 ,测量了在 63 2 8nm激发下不同激发长度下的发射光谱 ,得到其光学增益系数在1 1 8μm和 1 2 4 μm处分别为BE=( 0 7± 0 0 4 )mm-1和BT=( 0 0 5± 0 0 0 5)mm-1,并根据这种材料的光谱性质 ,对其作为近红外可调谐激光介质的可能作出评估。     

多孔铝激光染料镶嵌膜的荧光光谱研究

以多孔阳极氧化铝为基底,将激光染料分子RhB有效地嵌入多孔铝的孔中,获得多孔铝激光染料镶嵌膜。镶嵌膜的荧光光谱类似于低浓度液相染料的荧光光谱,但光谱线型更趋于对称。通过改变多孔铝孔的直径和深度及染料溶液深度,研究光谱的变化关系,初步提出了多也铝镶嵌染料膜的理想模型。     

光系统Ⅱ核心复合物激发能传递光谱特性

采用ICCD皮秒、飞秒扫描成象光谱装置研究PSⅡ核心复合物激发能传递光谱特性,获得的PSⅡ积分荧光谱从661nm到693nm,峰值波长680nm,有四个组分谱,谱的峰值分别为670nm、676nm、681nm、686nm.CP43有Chla₆₆₀⁶⁶¹、Chla₆₆₉⁶⁷⁰和Chla₆₈₂⁶⁸⁶三个光谱组分;CP47有Chla₆₆₀⁶⁶¹、Chla₆₆₉⁶⁷⁰和Chla₆₈₀⁶⁸¹三个光谱组分.根据吸收光谱和组分光谱分析,PSⅡ核心天线各自有三种不同状态的Chla分子,它们是CP43-Chla₆₆₀⁶⁶¹、CP43-Chla₆₆₉⁶⁷⁰、CP43-Chla₆₈₂⁶⁸⁶与CP47-Chla₆₆₀⁶⁶¹、CP47-Chla₆₆₉⁶⁷⁰、CP47-Chla₆₈₀⁶⁸¹.通过四个光谱组分分析了PSⅡ核心复合物激发能传递的光谱特性.     

利用图形计算器和ＣＢＬ实验室系统测量空气的绝热指数

介绍图形计算器、ＣＢＬ及硅压力传感器系统特性,并用于精确测量空气绝热指数。